The Influence of Carbon Trading Policy on the Level of Green Technology Innovation of Enterprises: An Empirical Study Based on Double Difference Method

In today's digital economy, characterized by high-quality development, understanding how carbon trading policies influence green innovation within enterprises is crucial for advancing societal progress. This research analyzes data from publicly traded companies between 2011 and 2022, applying a difference-in-differences model to explore the effects of carbon emissions trading pilot programs on corporate green technological innovation and the mechanisms driving these effects. Results reveal that such policies significantly encourage enterprises to enhance their green innovation efforts. Moreover, heterogeneity analysis indicates that the impact varies depending on enterprise size, ownership structure, and pollution intensity. Mechanism tests further demonstrate that increased R&D investment under carbon trading schemes plays a key role in boosting green technological advancements. Therefore, it is vital for policymakers to strengthen carbon emissions trading frameworks, while enterprises should define clear green innovation strategies, prioritize green R&D, and raise awareness of their environmental responsibilities. These actions are fundamental to fostering sustainable and environmentally friendly development.