Acerca del problema político de la libertad: entre la filosofía política, la teoría crítica de Theodor Adorno y el psicoanálisis freudiano

The relatively recent “thought of the political” has claimed the centrality of the axis democracy/totalitarianism as a key to decipher the conformation of a political-social regime. In short, it is about distinguishing between a free regime and one that is not. However, the ironclad separation between necessity and freedom precipitated an oversized consistency of the political that led to its means being exclusively that of freedom. Therefore, following Miguel Abensour, in order to outline a “critical political philosophy” it becomes necessary to resort also to one of the fundamental philosophical traditions of the twentieth century: that of Critical Theory. Specifically, we will analyze the problem of freedom in the philosophy of Theodor Adorno, in which, in turn, Freudian psychoanalysis will be fundamental. Finally, in the conclusions we try out a new interpretation based on the intersection between these three research traditions.