REOPHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND BEHAVIOR OF A PHASE FROM CONTAINING WAX, ASPHALTENE, REZIN OF CRUDE OIL

Modern views on a state problems are considered the wax, asphaltene, rezin of deposits (WARD) in the oil-field equipment and possible methods of her decision.In work, the major factors influencing on are listed formation of WARD.The special attention, is paid to a group chemical composition of initial raw materials and mutual influence of separate high-molecular components of oil on structurization in oil system at low temperatures.Influence of structural and group composition of oil on the formation mechanism, structure and WARD properties is, shown.The short list of the existing methods of prevention and removal of WARD from the oil-field equipment is given.The chemical methods connected with use of various additives, reagents and eliminators are in more detail considered.The short characteristic of the main classes of the chemicals used at a solution of the problem of prevention and removal of WARD is given.It is, shown that for the choice most ways of prevention and removal of deposits, effective from the chemical point of view organic substances receiving adequate idea of structure is necessary, properties and structure of initial oil and the formed deposits.Below the wax appearance temperature these aggregates evidently act as cementing species in extended networks of wax crystals.The optical absorption measurements revealed an increase of a vertical concentration gradient in the samples, heated to the above specific temperatures, which may be indicative of some phase separation in the studied crude oil.