Evaluating Regional Sustainability of E-Methanol Production through GLAM-Based Life Cycle Impact Assessment

The environmental and health impact of sustainable e-methanol production from biomass feedstock varies significantly due to the differences in agricultural practices, land usage, infrastructure, and local regulations. A thorough assessment of health and environmental impacts of e-methanol production requires using the Global Guidance for Life Cycle Impact Assessment Indicators and Methods (GLAM) to create a framework for Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA). This study’s novelty lies in its comprehensive regional analysis, integrating local information on biomass availability, agricultural practices, and emissions. The LCIA model will be calculated with GLAM’s characterization factors for impact categories such as Global Warming Potential in CO 2 -equivalents and Human Health impacts in Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). Analysis reveals regional disparities: intensive agricultural regions may show higher Global Warming Potential and Finite Particulate Matter Formation, while urban centers with e-methanol production facilities may demonstrate elevated DALY rates due to degraded air quality. This approach provides policymakers with a robust platform for regionally appropriate-strategies aligned with global sustainability goals in renewable fuel production.