Design a Compact UWB Antenna for the Detection of Breast Tumor via Non-Invasive Microwave Imaging

This paper proposes a non-invasive microwave imaging method for breast cancer detection using a compact ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna. This method is safe and secure since it uses non-ionizing radiation, eliminating the possibility of dangerous radiation exposure. The antenna has overall dimensions of $12 \times 12 \times 1.6 \mathrm{~mm}^{3}$. The antenna operates in the frequency range of 5.38 to 15 GHz and has an average gain more than 1.5 dBi with a peak gain of 3 dBi at 10.5 GHz. The effectiveness of the proposed UWB antenna is evaluated by creating a breast phantom that replicates a realistic scenario of a human body part using the dielectric property of the tissues in the CST MWS. This phantom has three different tissue types: skin, fat, and glandular. When the tumor tissue is solidly embedded in the glandular tissue area of the phantom, bistatic modeling is done. Furthermore, the antenna is appropriate for microwave imaging of breast cancer, according to the timedomain analysis. The tumor location is detected using the Delay and Sum (DAS) algorithm.