Factors Hindering Effective Implementation of Trachoma MDA Programme among Communities in Three Districts in Tanzania

BACKGROUND: Trachoma is a neglected tropical disease affecting many communities in the low-income countries. This study explored in the Trachoma endemic districts in Tanzania factors that have contributed to poor success in the elimination of trachoma using Mass Drug Administration. METHODS: We reviewed reports from the Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) Control Programme on the assessment outcome investigations on trachoma surveillance in Monduli, Mpwapwa and Kalambo districts in Tanzania. The reports contained data collected using interviews and focus group discussions with key informants, District Medical Officers, NTD Programme Coordinators, WASH focal persons, veterinarians; frontline health workers and community drug distributors (CDDs). Quotes from participants were used to generate themes and subthemes. RESULTS: Planning for mass drug administration; regional and district council’s programme coordination; household registration; logistic, supply chain and community perception on Azithromycin emerged as major concerns. CONCLUSION: Participants expressed that planning, logistical, operational issues and socio-cultural factors have compromised successful elimination of Trachoma in the studied communities. It is recommended that the NTDC programme should develop targeted socio-cultural, behavioural, change communication materials for elders, men, women and youth groups and should work closely with partners to conduct situation analysis and develop a long-term strategy to address social norms, misconceptions about trachoma and the medicines.