Influence of temperature in aquaponic system on nitrification processes

Aquaponics systems that combine aquaculture and hydroponics ensure a sustainable circulation of resources, and temperature is a key factor in determining the efficiency of nitrification processes and the overall productivity of such ecosystems. The study conducted an overview of scientific research published in the period 2014-2022 on the impact of temperature on nitrification processes and the overall efficiency of aquaponics systems. More than 100 scientific sources were analysed, including articles from international scientific journals, monographs and other publications covering various aspects of temperature effects on biological processes in aquaponics. Studies on the temperature ranges that are optimal for maintaining nitrifying bacteria activity and aquaculture health, as well as their interaction with factors such as nitrogen levels in the system and plant productivity, were emphasised. Studies demonstrated that temperature is an important factor in determining the rate of nitrification processes, fish and plant productivity, and the sustainability of the ecosystem. Too high a temperature can accelerate the nitrification process, but it also creates stress for the fish, which reduces their viability. Instead, low temperatures can slow down processes but increase the resistance of living organisms. This review has provided a thorough assessment of current approaches to temperature control in aquaponics systems and recommendations for the practical application of the results obtained in different climatic and technological situations. In addition, the prospect of developing new approaches to temperature optimisation to ensure the efficiency and sustainability of aquaponics systems in the future is discussed