Optical cryptosystem-based multimodal biometric security

Multimodal biometric systems offer several benefits over unimodal systems, including broader population coverage, enhanced recognition accuracy, and reduced error rates. However, multimodal systems must preserve biometric data’s integrity, security, and privacy since they include more than one biometric attribute linked to each user. This paper uses optical encryption to present an efficient framework for securing multimodal biometrics such as fingerprints, face, and iris scans. In the proposed scheme, we integrate the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and the phase truncated Fourier transform (PTFT) to increase security and maintain the privacy of multimodal biometrics throughout the process. The involvement of the DWT allows fusion analysis to combine multimodal biometrics, and the PTFT process offers an optical encryption strategy. This approach enhances the security of multimodal biometric modality by ensuring high robustness against unauthorized attempts and attacks. Computer simulation shows the feasibility and efficacy of the idea.