Genomic Strategies for Disease Resistance Breeding in Sugarcane: Identification of Resistance Genes, Transcriptomic Analysis, and Molecular Markers

Sugar cane is an important sugar crop in the world. Its yield and quality are often affected by a variety of diseases, which seriously restricts industrial development. Traditional disease-resistant breeding methods have problems such as long cycles and low efficiency, which are difficult to meet the needs of modern agriculture for efficient and precise breeding. With the advancement of genomics technology, sugarcane disease-resistant breeding has entered a new stage. This study systematically reviews the genomic strategies of sugarcane disease-resistant breeding, covering genomic resource construction, disease-resistant gene mining and functional verification, transcriptome analysis, molecular marker development, and multiomic integration application. Particularly emphasized the potential of emerging technologies such as gene editing, pan-genome and artificial intelligence in improving the efficiency of disease-resistant breeding. By integrating multi-level omics data and advanced technologies, sugarcane disease-resistant breeding is expected to achieve the transformation from traditional experience to precise design, providing a solid theoretical foundation and technical support for cultivating new sugarcane varieties with high yield, high sugar and disease-resistant sugarcane.