Analiza mutacji genu CYP51 metodą wysokoprzepustowego sekwencjonowania (HTS) w populacji Zymoseptoria tritici z zachodniej Polski

The intensive use of triazoles in controlling Zymoseptoria tritici has led to a decrease in its sensitivity to DMI fungicides. The main mecha­nism of triazole resistance involves point mutations in the CYP51 gene, which encodes the 14α-demethylase enzyme. NGS sequencing of the CYP51 gene in Z. tritici isolates collected in Wielkopolska was performed using PacBio RSII technology. The study identified 40 muta­tions with a frequency above 20%, of which 12 resulted in amino acid substitutions in the 14α-demethylase protein. Among them, the L50S, D134G, V136A, S188N, A379G, I381V, Y461H, and N513K mutations were previously associated with increased triazole resistance. Additionally, 22 synonymous mutations were detected, which did not alter the protein structure but indicated high genetic variability within the Z. tritici population. Furthermore, two deletions in introns and a complex six-nucleotide deletion (CTATGG) were identified, potentially modifying the protein sequence.