Attrition Factors and Retention Strategies in Distance Higher Education

Distance higher education faces significant challenges in student retention, affected by economic, academic, personal and technological factors. This study aims to identify the main causes of attrition and propose strategies to improve retention in this modality. Using a mixed approach, quantitative data from 3,835 students enrolled in a higher education institution in Ecuador were analyzed, complemented by qualitative interviews with administrative and teaching staff. The results revealed that economic (34.09%) and academic (27.79%) factors are the main barriers to retention, followed by family and personal problems (13.75%). In addition, limitations related to access and use of information technologies were identified, such as the lack of technological resources and the digital divide, which affect student performance. In conclusion, a comprehensive strategic plan is proposed that includes personalized tutoring, financial support, improvement of technological infrastructure and student welfare services. These strategies seek to reduce dropout, strengthen the educational experience and promote academic success in the distance learning modality.