ON THE ESTIMATION OF INBREEDING LEVEL OF CATTLE USING MOLECULAR-GENETIC DATA

The results of a study of the dynamics of the genetic composition in two generations of a herd of holstinized black-and-white cattles (a breed for dairy production) from the Republic of Bashkortostan are given. Beta-casein (CSN2) and leptin (LEP) loci have been used as genetic markers. The corresponding genes are associated with milk productivity and technological properties of milk. Compared to 2020, distortions of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were detected due to an increase in heterozygosity deficiency in animals of the 2022 generation (which is statistically significant at the LEP locus, p<0.001). The inbreeding coefficient was Fis=0,047 (CS2) and Fis=0,103 (LEP). An exact tests showed an extremely high (p<0,001) significance of the indicator in both loci in the generation of 2022. Issues of monitoring the level of inbreeding of cattle breeding material are being discussed