Nano-enhanced sodium carbonate for efficient carbon capture: a review of performance advancements and economic viability

Abstract This study examines recent advancements in nano-enhanced sodium carbonate (NaCH) and elucidates the reasons behind its emergence as a prominent alternative to traditional absorbents. In comparison to benchmark materials such as monoethanolamine (MEA) and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), NaCH achieves up to 30 % greater CO 2 uptake, regenerates at temperatures that are 20 °C lower, and demonstrates a significantly reduced environmental footprint and operational expenditure. The application of nanostructuring enhances surface area and reaction kinetics, facilitating a 30 % increase in CO 2 absorption rates while concurrently lowering overall process costs by 25 %. Various analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, illuminate the pore structure and chemical functionalities that contribute to these enhancements, reinforcing the capacity for repeated regeneration without substantial performance degradation. The amalgamation of exceptional capture efficiency, reduced energy penalties, and prolonged cycle durability positions NaCH as a scalable, cross-sector solution that has the potential to effectuate immediate advancements in global decarbonization initiatives.