Organizational and economic features of the functioning of health care institutions in the conditions of transformation challenges

The article examines the features of the functioning of healthcare institutions. The priorities for the development of the healthcare sector are determined and obstacles are identified. Based on a study of international experience in the implementation of health insurance systems, directions for improving the reform of the system of functioning of healthcare institutions in Ukraine are outlined. The features of reforms in the healthcare sector are studied, which allowed us to identify prospects and problems in reforming the system. Directions for reforming the system of functioning of healthcare institutions in the context of transformational challenges are proposed. The conducted study of the features of the organizational and economic functioning of healthcare institutions allows us to conclude that today this sphere is in a state of transformation processes, which are due to a number of external and internal factors of influence. Analysis of international experience of healthcare financing models has proven that the choice of a particular system largely depends on the level of economic, social and legal development of the country; some developed countries may apply several models, which does not affect the quality of medical services. It was studied that, taking into account the European vector of Ukraine's development, in recent years a significant part of the reforms in the sphere of functioning of healthcare institutions and the medical sphere in general have been carried out, which are aimed at optimizing the sphere, improving the quality of medical services, reforming the insurance system and digitalizing the industry. Among the effective areas, the implementation of a single digital system (eHealth) was highlighted, which simplifies access to medical care for the population, helps increase the competitiveness of doctors and provides access to the patient's history, which speeds up data processing. However, among the features of the implementation of such a system, it was determined that not everywhere in rural areas there is access to electronic registers of medical care. Based on the study of reforms on the reorganization of the healthcare sector, a number of obstacles have been formed to the activation of the functioning of healthcare institutions in Ukraine. Such main obstacles include the consequences of military aggression, personnel shortage, low level of financing of the industry, low level of digitalization of healthcare institutions, instability of the psycho-emotional state of both medical workers and the population, low level of integration with other sectors of the economy.