STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC FEATURES OF PREDICATIVE ADVERBS

This article analyzes the problematic issues of linguistics, which relate to the definition of the part-of-speech status of units expressing the semantics of state. In modern linguistic science, there is no consensus on this issue, there are several equally relevant definitions: “name of state", “category of state", “predicative", “predicative adverbs". The undoubted presence of adverbial features in units with semantics of state allows us to consider them as a special category of adverbs: predicative adverbs. The complexity and multiplicity of the adverbial corpus of the Russian language determines the validity of using the field approach to study predicative adverbs. When applying the method of modeling the linguistic field, the set of predicative adverbs appears as a field structure within the macrofield of Russian adverbs, which simultaneously exhibits functional, semantic and grammatical features and forms structural links with the grammatical fields of nouns, adjectives and verbs. At the same time, the functional feature of predicativity ensures the convergence of the field of predicative adverbs with the grammatical field of verbs due to current trends in the Russian language system. In turn, the field of predicative adverbs also has a complex structure, in which the functionally semantic subfields of perceptivity, mentality, emotional reaction and evaluativity are distinguished. Predicative adverbs reflect the principle of human connection with the surroundings, which is the main category of national culture.