Translational Applications of MRI in Cancer: Human and Veterinary Perspectives

In human and veterinary oncology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a radiationfree modality with unparalleled soft tissue contrast and functional information critical to the detection, staging, and treatment follow-up of cancer in a vast array of organs, such as the brain, breast, prostate, liver, and musculoskeletal system.By assessing cellularity, vascularity, metabolism, and functional impact, newer MRI modalities such as diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), functional MRI (fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), whole body-MRI (WB-MRI), and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), as well as hypothetical experimental methods such as hyperpolarized MRI (hMRI), gain insights into tumor biology.The translation benefit of MR progress is evident by the relatively close analogy between human and animal cancers, notably dog models.This article describes different MRI techniques that are used in cancer diagnosis and treatment.It also highlights how advancements in human medicine can be applied to enhance veterinary cancer diagnosis and therapies.Furthermore, it also compares human and veterinary oncology and focuses on using shared innovations, diagnostic methods, and personalized treatments to connect both fields.