Confounding adjustment with propensity scores for overlap weighting in observational studies: a concise primer

Overlap weighting is well-suited for observational studies with moderate to poor overlap and can be considered a preferred approach in many real-world contexts. Presenting results from multiple PS methods, including standardized mortality ratio (SMR) weighting, IPTW, PS adjustment, and overlap weighting, can help assess robustness and enhance the credibility of causal inferences.