Spatial epidemiology of tuberculosis diagnostic delays, healthcare access disparities, and socioeconomic inequities in Nairobi County, Kenya

The study revealed significant spatial clustering of delayed TB diagnoses in Nairobi County, particularly in informal settlements. In contrast, timely diagnoses were predominantly clustered in high-income areas like Lang'ata and Karen. These clusters were significantly associated with lower household income and increased travel time to health facilities which underscored the need for targeted implementation of TB diagnostic services and control measures in the wards with the highest delays.