Assessment of oral health practices and their impact on oral health status and quality of life: a cross-sectional study in rural North Karnataka

Oral health is a crucial determinant of overall health in rural communities with limited dental services. Rural populations in North Karnataka face challenges, including socioeconomic disadvantages and inadequate healthcare infrastructure, which negatively impact oral health outcomes. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the rural health training center between October and December 2024. 118 participants were enrolled, and data were gathered using a validated questionnaire encompassing demographic characteristics, dietary behaviours, oral hygiene routines, and dental visitation practices. The study predominantly comprised females (58.5%), with the highest representation in the 31–40 age group (25.5%). 87.3% of participants adhered to once-daily brushing. Occasional consumption of sugary snacks was reported by 59.3%. 74.6% sought dental care exclusively during pain, reflecting minimal engagement in preventive care. Tobacco usage was observed in 18.6% of participants, with only 46.6% demonstrating awareness of its poor effects on oral health. This study shows deficiencies in oral health practices and preventive care utilization among rural populations. The predominance of reactive, pain-driven dental consultations, coupled with limited awareness of modifiable risk factors such as tobacco use, highlights an urgent need for comprehensive, community-centered public health initiatives to promote preventive oral healthcare and enhance awareness.