Sex-Related Measurement Bias in Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptoms in the Baby Siblings Research Consortium
Sex differences exist in the general population in many social communication traits, yet ASD diagnostic thresholds do not account for these sex differences. Future instrument development, as well as clinician training, should acknowledge milder presentation (fewer difficulties with eye contact or quality of social impairments) in many females. This may help identify developmental differences earlier and improve outcomes for autistic females (estimate [SE] = -0.160 [0.061]; P = .009).
Authors
- Jana Marie Iverson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9160-7825)
- Sally Ozonoff (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1230-0794)
- Jed T. Elison (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6246-1000)
- Natasha Marrus (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6521-0373)
- Suzanne L. Curtin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1509-7960)
- Sooyeon Sung (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8557-1168)
- Diana L. Robins (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7791-7031)
- Lonnie Zwaigenbaum (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9607-0799)
- Tony Charman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1993-6549)
- Rebecca J. Schmidt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1582-2747)
- Ami Klin
- Katarzyna Chawarska (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1445-6346)
- Amy Esler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7087-1432)
- Helen Tager‐Flusberg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8768-5414)
- Joseph Piven (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0255-9003)
- Sara Jane Webb (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4101-6255)
- Shuting Zheng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0821-2716)
- Daniel S. Messinger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9551-675X)
- Catherine A. Burrows (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2812-3953)
- Somer Bishop (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2592-4715)
- Rebecca Landa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8894-8995)
- Jane E. Roberts (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6924-0596)
- Cheryl Klaiman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3198-0609)
- Shafali Jeste (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2955-6902)
- A. J. Schwichtenberg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8920-6798)
- Meghan Miller (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0992-8804)
- Gregory S. Young (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2515-5979)
- Wendy L. Stone
- Leslie J. Carver
Institutions
- Boston University (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Kennedy Krieger Institute (US)
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Children's Hospital of Los Angeles (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- University of Miami (US)
- University of Alberta (CA)
- University of South Carolina (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- King's College London (GB)
- Brock University (CA)
- University of Washington (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
- Johns Hopkins Medicine (US)
- Kyung Hee University (KR)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (US)
- Drexel University (US)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- JAMA Network Open
- Published
- 2025-08-08
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.25887
- Citations
- 5
- Primary Topic
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 7.16
Funders
- Curtin University of Technology