ENABLING A HEALTHIER FUTURE FOR ALL THROUGH PRECISION MEDICINE.

The National Institutes of Health's <i>All of Us</i> Research Program is building one of the most comprehensive research cohorts in the United States. Launched in 2018, the program has enrolled more than 849,000 individuals to empower precision medicine relevant to all populations. Participants in <i>All of Us</i> share complete surveys, share electronic health records, donate biospecimens, and contribute other data, such as wearable device data. To date, <i>All of Us</i> has generated whole genome sequences for more than 414,000 participants and returned actionable genetic health information to more than 100,000. By examining the technological, engagement, and data integration challenges encountered, this paper highlights how <i>All of Us</i> builds on pioneering efforts in biomedical research and points to future directions, including expanded data sharing, international cooperation, and the potential to drive transformative discoveries in personalized health care. Current successes also highlight necessary future directions: even larger and more comprehensive cohorts, better data sharing, and more international cooperation.