FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF THE THEORY OF COMMUNICATION IN THE CONTEXT OF AXIOLOGY PHENOMENA

Language communication, that is, communication between people in society, does not occur by combining separate isolated units, but in the form of integral statements, starting with a sentence and ending with a text. A person’s speech activity is an organic, integral part of his or her general activity. Therefore, speech processes should be studied not in isolation, but taking into account the conditions and situation of the course of speech. Clarification of motives contributes to the understanding of the specific intentions of the subject of activity. A person should always know what he or she is doing and why. The mechanisms of speech inherent in a person and used by him or her are put into action by the speaker himself or herself. In the theory of speech activity, the process of creating and perceiving speech is carried out with the aim of organizing the establishment of communication between communicants.The subject of speech activity is a thought which is considered as a form of reflection of reality. Speech actions and operations are subject to strict social control. Speech as a type of human activity is constantly oriented towards the fulfilment of a certain communicative task. Any speech communication and speech interaction take place in the form of an exchange of statements, where the speaker always takes into account the presence of the interlocutor and his evaluative perception. An utterance that actualizes the potential of evaluation is understood as a semantic-pragmatic type that not only conveys a certain state of affairs, but also expresses the opinion, feelings, attitude of the speaker (subject) to the outside world, therefore, making it possible to show the means of connecting the utterance with the situation and the means of describing the latter. Indirect speech acts are based on the same mechanism of indirect expression of the speaker’s intention. Indirect speech acts are based on the rule of implication: one meaning is explicitly manifested, and another is implicitly conveyed. The final perception of an utterance as a fully defined speech act in most cases must be based on the analysis of the utterance itself, which represents the evaluative potential.