THE ROLE OF QANAT IN THE WATER SUPPLY SISTEM OF AZERBAIJAN

Multifaceted irrigation systems were created in the territory of Azerbaijan. The most valuable inventions of humankind is the qanat (kahriz), an artificial irrigation system. Designed to transport water from mountainous areas, the qanat system expanded alongside the development of urban culture. In addition to enhancing the aesthetic appeal of cities, it also played a crucial role in their social planning. Artisan workshops were located near qanats, suburban gardens and fields were planted.The qanat system is an indicator of the formation of agriculture, sedentary life and urban culture in the country. Archaeological excavations in recent years have confirmed that the qanat system became widespread in Azerbaijan mainly after the Arab invasions. In Nakhchivan, Karabakh, Ganja, Gazakh, qanats are no longer in use. Ethnographic studies show that elements of qanat culture have been preserved in some cities (Ordubad etc). The main purpose is studying the ancient water supply system and investigation the lifestyle and cultural heritage. The study involved an analysis of the kahriz system in several cities, emphasizing its significance in the daily lives of local communities. Along with ethnographic observations, surveys were conducted among the population. The article used medieval sources, works of European authors and modern research.