Spontaneous Extra-Dural Hematoma: A Rare Complication of Sickle Cell Disease

Introduction: Extradural hematoma is a serious complication of moderate and severe head traumas. Spontaneous occurrence in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) with no history of trauma is extremely rare. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 17-year-old boy who was treated for sickle cell disease. Symptoms included a headache with facial and left palpebral oedema without vomiting or neurological deficits, which occurred during hospitalisation for a vaso-occlusive crisis. Clinical Discussion: The diagnosis was confirmed by a brain scan, and the patient was operated on through a parietal cranial flap. The postoperative course was marked by neurological deterioration, and the follow-up CT scan showed subdural and intraparenchymal bleeding probably related to vasoocclusive crisis. Conclusion: This case report highlights the probable pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the occurrence of spontaneous extradural hematomas in sickle cell disease patients, the importance of imaging in the presence of the slightest suspicion of cerebral damage, and the need for rapid management.