Soil Policy and Governance in Lebanon: Challenges, Opportunities, and the Path Forward

Soil health is a fundamental factor for agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability in Lebanon. However, Lebanon faces multiple challenges related to soil degradation, including erosion, desertification, contamination, and loss of fertility. The country’s governance structures remain fragmented, and policy implementation is inconsistent due to political instability, insufficient data, and weak inter-sectorial coordination. This study addresses the research question: “How can Lebanon address institutional fragmentation and data gaps to improve soil governance?” Using a qualitative methodology combining policy analysis and stakeholder mapping within the Soils4Med Project framework, this paper identifies key challenges and opportunities. It provides recommendations for improving soil protection and sustainable land management through a data-driven approach.