A Systematic Approach for Protective Relay Coordination and Transient Stability Examination in Energy Networks with Substantial DG Penetration

A transient stability examination is crucial in pinpointing the constraints of the electric power systems. On the other hand, the infiltration level of distribution generation influences the constraints in creating safeguards in the power system. Therefore, these two parameters should be regarded as key elements in the power system conservation of the grid. In this work, a transient stability examination of a power system, including DGs, is accomplished to evaluate the protective settings of overcurrent relays (OCRs). For this purpose, the transient stability of DGs is scrutinized under fault conditions at the sites, as well as different DG infiltration degrees. Then, the limitations of DGs in the protective harmonization of OCRs are considered. A novel systematic approach for calculating the modified time multiplier setting (TMS) of OCRs is recommended. The recommended approach maintains coordination among OCRs, and the instability of DG sources is also prevented. Modeling of the IEEE 33 bus system using the ETAP application is used to test the suggested protection scheme's efficacy.