Effectiveness of Topical Centella Asiatica Extract on Xerosis Cutis in Geriatrics (a Transepidermal Water Loss (TEWL), Skin pH, and Overall Dry Skin Score (ODS) Study)

Background: Xerosis cutis in geriatrics is a condition of dry skin accompanied by impaired skin barrier function resulting from the loss or reduction of water and lipid content in the stratum corneum in geriatrics. The principle of managing xerosis cutis in geriatrics is to improve skin barrier function and maintain skin hydration. Centella asiatica is a herbal plant that has been scientifically proven, especially in the field of dermatology, namely as a moisturizer for xerosis cutis. This study aims to prove the effectiveness of topical Centella asiatica extract in reducing TEWL values, skin pH values, and ODS scores in xerosis cutis in geriatrics. Methods: 30 geriatrics with xerosis cutis at Rindang Asih II nursing home were recruited into a single-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial over 4 weeks, to receive eiter a topical centella asiatica extract or a petrolatum as placebo. The assessment methods used were Transepidermal Water Loss (TEWL), skin pH, and Overall Dry Skin (ODS) score. Results: 30 subjects had completed the study. Statistical test results showed that the decrease in TEWL values, skin pH and ODS scores by topical Centella asiatica extract on the right and left lower legs was significantly lower than topical petrolatum with p<0,05. All subjects (100%) in the Centella asiatica extract group had no complaints about either sticky or oily. Conclusions: Topical administration of Centella asiatica extract is more effective in improving skin moisture significantly in xerosis cutis in geriatrics compared to petrolatum, with no complaints from the use of Centella asiatica extract.