Study of Wettability Behavior of Mixed Solutions of Low-Concentration Polyvinyl Alcohol and Surfactant

聚合物和表面活性剂相互作用在化学、材料科学和工业应用中具有重要意义，尤其在制药、化妆品和涂料等领域中具有广泛应用。其中表面活性剂的种类以及聚合物的浓度均会对彼此产生作用。当前，聚合物和不同种类的表面活性剂的相互作用的动态润湿性行为研究主要集中在高浓度下。本文制备了不同浓度的聚乙烯醇(PVA)溶液以及不同种类表面活性剂(SAA)与PVA的混合溶液，研究了不同质量分数和不同种类的SAA混合溶液的表面张力变化，以及这些溶液在聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)疏水表面上的横向摩擦力。研究发现，PVA溶液以及添加不同种类表面活性剂后的混合溶液在PDMS表面运动时的横向摩擦力与其表面张力大小呈线性变化关系，即横向摩擦力大小随着表面张力值增加而逐渐增加。而且，阴离子表面活性剂对于PVA的作用效果比阳离子表面活性剂更为明显。本文通过探究低浓度PVA和表面活性剂混合溶液在疏水表面的润湿性与摩擦行为，为制药领域的药物缓释制剂设计、化妆品的肤感优化以及涂料的均匀成膜等实际应用提供理论支持与技术指导，具有重要的实际应用价值。Polymer-surfactant interactions are of great importance in chemistry, materials science and industrial applications, especially in fields such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and coatings. Among them, the type of surfactant, as well as the concentration of the polymer, can have an effect on each other. Currently, studies on the dynamic wettability behavior of the interaction between polymers and different types of surfactants are mainly focused on high concentrations. In this paper, solutions of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) at different concentrations and mixtures of different types of surfactants (SAA) with PVA were prepared, and the changes in surface tension of the mixtures of different mass fractions and different types of SAA were investigated, as well as the transverse friction of these solutions on the hydrophobic surface of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). It was found that the lateral friction of the PVA solutions and the mixed solutions with the addition of different kinds of surfactants during the movement on the PDMS surface showed a linear relationship with the magnitude of their surface tension, i.e., the magnitude of the lateral friction increased gradually with the increase of the surface tension value. Moreover, the effect of anionic surfactants on PVA is more obvious than that of cationic surfactants. By investigating the wettability and friction behavior of low-concentration PVA and surfactant mixed solutions on hydrophobic surfaces, this paper provides theoretical support and technical guidance for the design of sustained-release formulations of drugs in the pharmaceutical field, the optimization of the skinfeel of cosmetics, and the homogeneous film-forming of coatings, which are of great practical application value.