The Effect of Social Avoidance and Distress on Prosocial Behavior of Emerging Adulthood Students: The Chain Mediating Role of Parental Phubbing and Family Intimacy

目的：了解成年初显期学生社交回避及苦恼、亲社会行为、父母低头行为、家庭亲密度的状况，并探讨成年初显期学生社交回避及苦恼与亲社会行为的关系，以及父母低头行为和家庭亲密度在其中的作用机制。方法：采用社交回避及苦恼量表、父母低头行为量表、家庭亲密度量表和亲社会行为量表对512名成年初显期学生测量。结果：(1) 社交回避及苦恼与家庭亲密度、成年初显期学生亲社会行为呈显著负相关、与父母低头行为呈显著正相关，父母低头行为与成年初显期学生亲社会行为、家庭亲密度呈显著负相关，家庭亲密度与成年初显期学生亲社会行为呈显著正相关。(2) 社交回避及苦恼不仅直接影响成年初显期学生亲社会行为，还通过三条路径产生间接影响：父母低头行为的单独中介作用、家庭亲密度的单独中介作用、父母低头行为和家庭亲密度的链式中介作用。结论：父母低头行为和家庭亲密度在成年初显期学生社交回避及苦恼与亲社会行为的关系中起链式中介作用。Objective: To investigate the relationship between social avoidance and distress, prosocial behavior, parental phubbing and family intimacy among emerging adulthood students, and to explore the relationship between social avoidance and distress and prosocial behavior in emerging adulthood students, as well as the mechanism of parental phubbing and family intimacy. Methods: A total of 512 emerging adulthood students were measured by the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale, the Parental Phubing Scale, the Family Closeness Scale and the Prosocial Behavior Scale. Results: (1) Social avoidance and distress were significantly negatively correlated with family intimacy, prosocial behavior and parental phubing, parental phubbing was negatively correlated with prosocial behavior and family intimacy of emerging adulthood students, and family intimacy was significantly positively correlated with prosocial behavior of adult students. (2) Social avoidance and distress not only directly affected the prosocial behavior of adult students, but also had indirect effects through three paths: the separate mediating role of parental phubbing, the separate mediating role of family intimacy, and the chain mediating role of parental phubbing and family intimacy. Conclusion: Parental phubbing and family intimacy play a chain mediating role in the relationship between social avoidance and distress and prosocial behavior in adult students.