Development and Application of Benevolence Ideal Personality

通过经典文本的理论分析与心理测量的实证分析相结合的方法，选取《论语》中孔子对仁的论述编制初测条目，通过探索性和验证性因素分析、效度分析等实证研究方法(总有效样本量 = 1263)，结果发现孔子思想中的仁人理想人格包含4个维度：爱人行善、自省为仁、克己复礼、忠恕之道。多个样本的数据提供的证据表明：1) 仁人理想人格有别于其他基于中国经典文化提出的人格概念；2) 健康者的仁人理想人格胜于心身疾病患者的仁人理想人格。文章最后讨论了本研究的理论意义和对心理康养的实践意义。This article combines theoretical analysis of classic texts with empirical analysis of psychological measurement, selects Confucius’ discourse on benevolence in the “Analects of Confucius” to develop preliminary test items, and conducts empirical research methods such as exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, validity analysis, etc. (total effective sample size = 1263). It has been discovered that the ideal personality of benevolent people in Confucius’ thought includes four dimensions: loving others and doing good, introspecting oneself for benevolence, self-restraint and the path of loyalty and forgiveness. The evidence provided by multiple sample data indicates that: 1) The ideal personality of benevolent people is different from other personality concepts based on Chinese classical culture; 2) The ideal personality of benevolent individuals in healthy individuals is better than that of patients with psychosomatic diseases. The article concludes by discussing the theoretical significance and practical significance of this study for health.