Roles of GNA13 in Various Types of Cancer

GNA13, a component of the G protein signaling network, is involved in regulating cancer cell growth, migration, and programmed cell death. Recent evidence has shown increased levels of GNA13 across several tumor types, including breast, prostate, stomach, and liver cancers, closely linking its expression to tumor progression, spread, and patient outcomes. This article systematically reviews GNA13 expression across diverse cancers and explores its functional impact on tumor biology. Particular attention is given to the pathways through which GNA13 enhances cancer progression, specifically by stimulating AKT, ERK, and MYC signaling and suppressing FOXO1. Current research identifies GNA13 as an emerging biomarker and potential target for cancer diagnosis and therapy, paving the way for future treatment innovations.