Exploring the role of the core mechanism of curcumin in the regulation of fat metabolism

Curcumin is a bioactive polyphenol from Curcuma longa which has the potential to regulate fat metabolism. This review explored the mechanisms of curcumin in fat metabolism. Subsequently, the modulation of AMPK and mTORC1-TFEB pathways, lipid oxidation enhancement, inhibition of adipogenesis, and influence on gut microbiota composition were reviewed. However, the major limiting factor is its bioavailability; hence, nanoformulations, liposomes, and synergistic combinations of therapy must be advanced in the future. Curcumin derivatives, delivery technologies, and clinical validation to be used as functional foods or in metabolic disorder treatments should be the focus of future research. As a natural, multi-targeted intervention, curcumin holds significant potential in fat metabolism regulation. Thus it requires further examination and optimization of clinical applications.