Torsional mode shapes of FGM shafts with various cross section

In this study, the torsional mode shapes of circular and non-circular functionally graded material shafts, focusing on triangular, rectangular, circular cross-sections are investigated. The shafts are composed of an aluminum-titanium (AlTi) alloy and various functionally graded materials, utilizing different mixing rules to create a gradient surface. The modal analysis is conducted using ANSYS Mechanical leading finite element analysis software to assess and visualize the vibrational characteristics of these shafts under torsional loading. Then, the same shafts made of isotropic material (pure Al) is prepared, and compared with respect to results. The objective is to understand the influence of FGMs compared to homogeneous and isotropic materials on the torsional behavior of shafts with non-circular geometries. By comparing the torsional mode shapes and frequencies, one can identify the distinct vibrational properties introduced by the gradient material composition. This comparison is highlight the potential advantages of FGM shafts in applications requiring tailored mechanical properties that traditional homogeneous materials cannot provide. The study also explores how the different cross-sectional shapes affect the torsional response, which is crucial for designing components subjected to twisting loads in aerospace, automotive, and construction industries. The results from ANSYS Mechanical are analyzed to extract the mode shapes and frequencies of torsional modes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how FG materials behave relative to isotropic counterparts under similar conditions. The study aims to show how the natural frequency and torsional mode shapes differ for a functionally graded material compared to isotropic material, may be useful for researchers working with applications where vibration behavior is crucial.