Influence of application methods of urea and nano urea on growth, yield and economics of rainfed maize (Zea mays L.)

The current study entitled "Influence of application methods of urea and nano urea on growth, yield and economics of rainfed maize (Zea mays L)".The study was conducted at the Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Guru Kashi University, Talwandi Sabo.The experiment was consisted of eight treatment combinations, and was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications.In this study, the treatment N2 100% of RDN + 2% nano urea at 30 and 50 DAS showed the highest response to plant height of 140.16 cm, 182.06 cm and 204.23 cm and dry matter 61.39 q/ha, 78.28 q/ha and 92.11 q/ha at 60 DAS, 90 DAS and at harvest respectively.The treatment N2 100% of RDN + 2% nano urea at 30 and 50 DAS produce highest cobs per plant 1.95, cob length 17.72 cm, cob weight 276.24 grams, number of grains per cob 467.1, 1000 grain weight of maize was 255.38 gm, grain yield (69.72 q/ha), stover yield 110.16 q/ha and 179.88 q/ha of biological yield per hectare.The highest harvest index produced by the treatment N2 100% of RDN + 2% nano urea at 30 and 50 DAS is 38.76%.The treatment with the N2 100% of RDN + 2% nano-urea spray at 30 and 50 DAS resulted in the highest gross return of Rs. (156172) per hectare, net returns of Rs. (110121) per hectare, and a BC ratio of 2.39, outperforming the control and other treatments.