Evaluation of variability in seed characteristics of indigenous tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) genotypes at Surguja district of Chhattisgarh

A comprehensive evaluation of 42 indigenous tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) genotypes was carried out across several villages in seven blocks of Surguja district, Chhattisgarh, India, during 2022–23 and 2023–24. The study aimed to assess the extent of variability in seed characteristics among these genotypes to identify promising accessions for further improvement and conservation. The study was carried out using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with four replication followed by analysis of the recorded data. Among the 42 tamarind genotypes, the seed shape was found flattened in 23 genotypes, rhomboid in 15 genotypes and irregular in 4 genotypes. The highest number of seeds was recorded in STAM-8 (10.08), while the maximum seed weight per pod (8.91 g), seed length (16.18 mm) and seed thickness (7.56 mm) were observed in STAM-14. Additionally, the highest seed width was noted in STAM-28 (14.28 mm). Among the genotypes studied, STAM-14 stands out due to its superior seed weight, length, and thickness, indicating its potential for higher yield and quality. STAM-8 is notable for its higher seed count per pod, which could be advantageous for propagation purposes.