Stroke mortality trends in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul: a time series study

Introduction: Stroke is a global problem that causes suffering, disability, and death. Its prevalence depends on the type of stroke. Ischemic stroke is the most common and results from an obstruction in the artery, resulting in reduced blood flow, usually caused by a clot. Hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a cerebral vessel ruptures, causing hemorrhage with a higher fatality rate than ischemic stroke, mainly in young people between 15 and 45 years old. Objective: To analyze the evolution of deaths due to stroke in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, between 2000 and 2021, stratified by sex and age group. Method: The study used data from the health information system of the Department of Information Technology of the Unified Health System - DATASUS, publicly available at: (https://datasus.saude.gov.br/informacoes-de-saude-tabnet/). Data analysis included proportional mortality, calculated by dividing the number of deaths from stroke by the total number of deaths from all causes, and the mortality coefficient. The temporal evolution of proportional mortality was assessed using Joinpoint regression, with regression models used to identify inflection points in the time series. Results: From 2000 to 2021, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, a total of 18,067 deaths were recorded, 9,642 among men and 8,425 among women. The annual average number of deaths was 821, with a standard deviation of 93.95. In 2014, the lowest number of deaths was recorded, with 642, while in 2018 the highest number was recorded, with 1,065. Conclusion: In the period analyzed, the state of Mato Grosso do Sul showed a significant decline in the mortality rate due to stroke from 2000 to 2021. This reduction was evident for both sexes and in all age groups, with a greater drop being observed in the group of elderly individuals aged 80 years or older.