Legal Framework for Gender Based Violence in India: Challenges and Responses

Gender-based violence remains a pervasive and entrenched issue in Indian society, deeply rooted in patriarchal structures and cultural norms that marginalize women and perpetuate their subjugation. Despite the presence of a robust legal framework designed to combat such violence, implementation and enforcement continue to face significant challenges, including social attitudes, institutional biases, and resource limitations. This paper examines the multifaceted dimensions of Gender-based violence in India, including domestic abuse, sexual violence, dowry-related crimes, honor killings, and the unique vulnerabilities faced by women from marginalized communities, such as Dalit and tribal groups, due to intersecting forms of discrimination. The normalization of violence against women is analyzed as a systemic issue with profound implications for public health, human rights, and socioeconomic development. By exploring the interplay of legal, social, and cultural factors, this study underscores the urgent need for transformative societal change and effective policy interventions to ensure justice, equality, and safety for women in India.