Dominant Temperament Traits and Student Challenges Among Science Education Majors at Ifugao State University

Abstract: This study explored the dominant temperament traits among students in the Bachelor of Secondary Education major in Science at Ifugao State University – Potia Campus and examined the challenges they encounter based on their temperament types, Sanguine, Melancholy, Choleric, and Phlegmatic. Using a mixed-methods research design, quantitative data were gathered through standardized questionnaires, and qualitative responses were collected via open-ended questions. A total of 57 students participated, selected through cluster sampling across third-year levels. Descriptive statistics identified the dominant temperament for each demographic profile, while thematic analysis revealed patterns in student experiences. Findings showed that Sanguine students were dominant among females and younger students, often struggling with focus in noisy environments; Melancholic students expressed self-critical tendencies and anxiety about performance; Choleric students exhibited assertiveness but clashed in group settings; and Phlegmatic students avoided leadership and conflict. These insights have implications for differentiated instruction, guidance counseling, and student support services tailored to temperament.