The mediating role of self-perception in the relationship between object relations and loneliness levels in adults

Aims: The present study aims to examine the mediating role of self-perception in the relationship between object relations patterns and loneliness levels in adults. In line with psychodynamic theories, the study emphasizes the pivotal role of early object relations in shaping an individual’s self-structure and interpersonal bonding capacity. Methods: This research employed a quantitative and correlational survey design. The sample consisted of 437 adults (232 women and 205 men) aged between 18 and 65, none of whom had a psychiatric diagnosis. Data were collected using the Bell Object Relations and Reality Testing Inventory (BORRTI), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the UCLA Loneliness Scale. Statistical analyses were conducted using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Hayes’ PROCESS macro (Model 4). Results: The correlation analysis revealed significant positive associations between the subdimensions of object relations and levels of loneliness. A significant positive correlation was also found between scores on the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and loneliness. Given that higher scores on this scale indicate lower self-esteem, the results imply that individuals with lower self-esteem tend to experience higher levels of loneliness. Mediation analysis demonstrated that the subdimensions of alienation (β=.10), insecure attachment (β=.09), egocentrism (β=.09), and social incompetence (β=.08) had significant indirect effects on loneliness through self-esteem. Conclusion: The findings indicate that impaired object relations significantly increase loneliness both directly and indirectly via diminished self-esteem. From a clinical standpoint, the results highlight the critical importance of interventions aimed at enhancing self-esteem as a strategy for mitigating loneliness. The study is expected to contribute to the literature by reinforcing the theoretical framework and empirical evidence supporting the mediating role of self-perception in the relationship between object relations and loneliness.