ILO pneumoconiosis radiologic classification and clinical features of welders diagnosed with pneumoconiosis: a descriptive study

Aims: This study aims to describe the radiological and clinical characteristics of welders diagnosed with pneumoconiosis, based on the International Labour Organization (ILO) classification system. Methods: In this retrospective descriptive study, 31 welders diagnosed with pneumoconiosis between January 2021 and May 2025 were included. Demographic data, occupational exposure history, ILO pneumoconiosis radiologic classification, pulmonary function tests (PFTs), and in selected cases, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) results were analyzed. Results: The mean age was 43.7±8.7 years, and 96.8% were male. Average smoking exposure was 18.6±12.2 pack-years. The mean duration of occupational exposure was 21.0±9.9 years, with 96.8% working in the metal sector. The most common small opacity was p/p (48.4%), and the most frequent profusion scores was 1/1 (35.5%). PFT results were generally within normal limits. BAL was performed in two cases to exclude hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Conclusion: Welders may develop pneumoconiosis with early radiological changes despite normal pulmonary function. Early diagnosis through detailed occupational history and HRCT, along with cessation of exposure, is crucial to prevent disease progression.