Evaluating the Impacts of Connected Eco-Driving Technologies on Electrified Traffic System at the City Scale: A Simulation Approach

Eco-approach and Departure (EAD) strategies optimize energy efficiency in Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) by leveraging Signal Phase and Timing (SPaT) data to adjust trajectories. This paper extends the EAD strategy to incorporate actuated signals in a city-scale electrified network and introduces the Eco-Pedaling (EP) strategy to further reduce electricity consumption. First, we analyze off-peak and peak scenarios, applying eco-driving technologies to Connected and Automated Electric Vehicles (CAEVs) in the city network, assuming all vehicles are electric. Results show that CAEVs with eco-driving technologies achieve a 32.24% reduction in electricity consumption per mile during off-peak hours and 31.50% during peak hours, with a 15% CAEV penetration rate, corresponding to Toyota's market share in North America. Second, a 24-hour evaluation with the same CAEV penetration rate highlights a 6.02% reduction in total electricity consumption across the network, at the cost of a 3.58% decrease in network efficiency. Finally, analysis of varying CAEV penetration rates reveals that the system-level electricity consumption decreases as the proportion of CAEVs increases.