Exploring the Mechanism of Fig in PHC Therapy Based on Network Pharmacology

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma, mainly malignant tumors originating from hepatocytes, poses a serious threat to human life and health. We explored the main targets and potential mechanisms of figs in the treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Through Herb database, Fig targets and active chemical components were collected, and primary hepatocellular carcinoma targets were collected through GeneCards and OMIM databases. Using deep learning techniques and bidirectional cross-attention mechanism, drug and target interactions model was developed. Drug molecular maps and chemical text information as multimodal inputs. The model was applied to screen fig targets. Then, the shared genes of figs and primary hepatocellular carcinoma were analyzed by functional enrichment. The results showed that figs treat primary hepatocellular carcinoma possibly by affecting signaling pathways such as cancer pathway, P13K-AKT signaling pathway, and FoxO signaling pathway. Finally, 10 hub genes were obtained by Cytohubb. Our study initially elucidated the multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway mechanism of action of figs in treating primary hepatocellular carcinoma and provided a new ideas and directions for the treatment.