Estimation of Polymetallic Nodule Abundance Based on Seafloor Photography

In this study, we aim to enhance the precision of estimating polymetallic nodule resources in the Western Pacific Ocean by employing a traditional deep-sea camera method supported by sampling. A series of image pre-processing techniques are applied, and an equation is developed to determine the weight and surface area of the nodules. Our findings indicate that effective image processing is achieved through the use of denoising algorithms and morphological reconstruction. It is noted that developing empirical formulas in conjunction with nodule coverage is not advisable due to the high level of uncertainty. Instead, more stable parameters such as cross-sectional area and quantity are introduced to describe the characteristics of polymetallic nodules and calculate their abundance. The shape of the nodules is a crucial factor that must be considered and has been found to be statistically significant. A moderately strong correlation is observed between nodule weight and cross-sectional area based on the distinct morphological features of spheroidal and ellipsoidal nodules. This correlation enhances the reliability and accuracy of estimating the abundance of polymetallic nodules.