Engels’ Theory of Natural Retaliation and Its Contemporary Value for Technological Development

以恩格斯自然报复思想为理论视域，通过对人与自然关系的本体论和认识论探讨，揭示科技发展中的哲学基础偏误、资本逻辑异化以及生态伦理缺失等问题，并从重构科技发展的辩证整体论、重塑科技创新的价值坐标系、确立技术实践的代际责任框架、实现技术理性的协同进化等角度提出实践路径，为当代科技发展方向提供理论依据。From the theoretical perspective of Engels’ theory of natural retaliation, this paper explores the ontological and epistemological dimensions of the relationship between humans and nature, revealing philosophical biases, the alienation of capital logic, and the lack of ecological ethics in technological development. It proposes practical pathways, including reconstructing a dialectical holism for technological development, reshaping the value framework for technological innovation, establishing an intergenerational responsibility framework for technological practices, and achieving the co-evolution of technological rationality. These approaches provide theoretical foundations for guiding contemporary technological development.