A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON COMPLICATIONS ARISING FROM OPEN REDUCTION AND INTERNAL FIXATION IN CLAVICULAR FRACTURES

Aim and objectives of study:  This study aims to evaluate the complications associated with the open reduction and internal fixation procedure in the treatment of clavicle fractures. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting and Duration: The research was conducted at Muhammad Medical College / Ibn-E-Sina University Mirpurkhas Pakistan. from November 2023 to November 2024. Methodology: A total of 55 patients with clavicle fractures were included in the study, all of whom underwent plate internal fixation and open reduction. The Constant shoulder score was utilized to assess shoulder union and range of motion, with evaluations based on radiographic findings, shoulder pain, and strength. Results: Among the participants, 15 (27.27%) were female and 40 (72.72%) were male. The mean Constant shoulder score was 85 ± 4, with a 95% confidence interval. Hook plates were used in 20 (36.36%) patients. Notably, a significant proportion of individuals (approximately 98%) reported cosmetic concerns related to the surgery.   Conclusion: The findings indicate that complications associated with internal fixation include poor cosmetic outcomes, moderate pain, and skin numbness at the surgical site.