Relationship between Inflammation-Related Biomarkers and Coronary Artery Calcification

冠状动脉钙化(coronary artery calcification, CAC)是冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块发展到一定程度后，损伤组织机化，以钙质为主的微量元素在粥样病灶内和动脉纤维帽中沉积并稳定存在而形成，是心血管事件发生的独立危险因素。CAC的形成与血管炎症反应、组织修复机制及纤维化进程密切相关，反映了动脉粥样硬化病变的长期演变过程。近年来的研究显示，CAC是一个与多种因素及信号通路相关的病理过程，其中持续炎症反应是CAC的重要机制之一。本文将根据近年来CAC的相关研究，从炎症指标入手，尤其是NLR、PLR、MHR与SII，着重对以上指标与CAC的关系进行综述，并探讨这些指标对CAC的预测及诊断价值。Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is the deposition and stable existence of calcium-based trace elements in atherosclerotic lesions and arterial fiber caps after the development of coronary atherosclerotic plaques to a certain extent, leading to the organization of damaged tissue, and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events. The formation of CAC is closely related to vascular inflammatory response, tissue repair mechanism, and fibrosis process, reflecting the long-term evolution of atherosclerotic lesions. Recent studies have shown that CAC is a pathological process related to a variety of factors and signaling pathways, among which persistent inflammatory response is one of the important mechanisms of CAC. Based on the relevant research on CAC in recent years, this article will focus on the relationship between the above indicators and CAC from the perspective of inflammatory indicators, especially NLR, PLR, MHR and SII, and discuss the predictive and diagnostic value of these indicators for CAC.