Study of lipid and lipoprotein levels of type 2 diabetic patients in Ambala district

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder and non-communicable disease. It is widely spread in the middle and low-income countries. So that number of diabetic patients has rapidly increased all over the world. The International Diabetes Federation has estimated that the number of diabetes cases in India is currently 589 million adults (20-79 years) and will increase to 853 million by 2050, most of whom are yet to be diagnosed. Similarly, in 2017, an estimated 72.9 Indians were suffering from diabetes. Keeping these problems in mind the following study was conducted to assess the relationship between demographic characteristics and lipid profiles in adult patients with type 2 diabetes. A study was conducted by selecting 100 patients suffering from T2DM aged 40-85 years from Healing Touch Hospital, Ambala district, Haryana. In order to collect the necessary data i.e. lipid profile (low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG) and Total cholesterol (TC) were evaluated. Gender-related risk of diabetes was found to be similar in male (52%) and female (48%). The majority (71%) of type 2 DM patients showed normal TC levels, while 29% of type 2 DM patients showed high TC levels, 34% of male diabetic patients showed high serum triglyceride levels, while 26% of type 2 diabetic patients showed high LDL levels, while only 15% of type 2 DM patients showed low HDL values. In Conclusion, among all the patients only low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level was found significantly associated with age group (P=0.02158) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol level was found to be associated with gender (P=0.0186).This study highlights the need for early detection and intervention to maintain good lipid profile of diabetic patients. This may helps to decrease the progression and development of dyslipidemia and reduce the risk of macrovascular complications (heart disease).