Building a School-Home-Community Collaborative Support System for Sexuality Education for Children with Special Needs Based on Ecosystem Theory

特殊儿童因其身心发展特点，在性认知、自我保护能力及遭受性侵害风险等方面面临更大挑战。频发的性侵害事件及政策法规要求凸显了对该群体开展科学、适宜性教育的紧迫性，以提升其自我保护意识和能力，保障其性健康权与发展权。本文以布朗芬布伦纳生态系统理论为指导，系统分析特殊儿童性教育的必要性及现实困境，重点探讨构建一个以家校合作为基础、整合机构与社区资源、依托政策与文化支持的家校社协同生态性支持体系。旨在为提升我国特殊儿童性教育的科学性、系统性和有效性提供理论参考与实践路径。Due to their physical and mental development characteristics, children with special needs face greater challenges in terms of sexual cognition, self-protection abilities, and the risk of sexual abuse. The frequent occurrence of sexual assault incidents and policy and regulatory requirements highlight the urgency of providing this group with scientific and appropriate sex education to enhance their self-protection awareness and capabilities and safeguard their sexual health rights and development rights. Guided by Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory, this paper systematically analyzes the necessity and practical challenges of sex education for children with special needs. It focuses on exploring the construction of an ecological support system based on home-school cooperation, integrating institutional and community resources, and relying on policy and cultural support. The aim is to provide theoretical references and practical pathways for improving the scientific nature, systematic nature, and effectiveness of sex education for children with special needs in China.