A study of ACTN3 gene polymorphism in relation to some functional indicators and 400m freestyle performance in junior swimmers

This study investigates the relationship between ACTN3 gene polymorphism (RR, RX, XX) and both functional indicators and 400-meter freestyle performance in junior swimmers of the Iraqi national team. Seventeen male swimmers were genotyped and divided into three groups based on their ACTN3 variant. Functional variables measured after exertion included systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation. A 400-meter freestyle swim test assessed endurance performance. The results showed statistically significant differences among the genotypes (p