Secure Data Sharing Using Blockchain Technology: A Systematic Literature Review

Data sharing security is currently one of the crucial parts in e-government systems. Although blockchain, a type of Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), has been increasingly applied to enhance secure data exchange, there is a significant lack of studies focusing on the specific security factors that underpin its implementation in e-government contexts. Defining and understanding these factors is crucial for the successful integration of blockchain into public data infrastructures. This study addresses this research gap through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) guided by the PRISMA 2020 framework. A total of 511 articles were retrieved from five major databases, and 103 were selected and systematically reviewed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 approach. While the majority of studies emphasised privacy, integrity, and transparency, other critical security factors such as scalability, availability, governance, and decentralisation remain comparatively underexplored. The theory of blockchain-based data sharing security factors was developed as a reference. The article wraps up the discussion by highlighting nine security factors in data sharing using blockchain in e-government for future investigation.